Honing tool



May 28, 1935. w CONNOR 2,002,567

' HONING TOOL Filed Jan. 8, 1934 INVENTOR. M77312 )4. (22777021 M,JQ%/MM- EL ATTORNEYS.

Patented May 28, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE HONING TOOL Kirke W.Connor, Detroit, Mich, assignor to Micromatic Hone Corporation, Detroit,Mich, a corporation of Michigan Application January 8, 1934, SerialNo."i05,664 Claims. (Cl. 51-4842)" My invention relates to honing toolsand parbetter understanding of my invention, to the folticularly to atool of the service type embodying lowing description taken inconjunction with the free floating abrading elements having wideexaccompanying drawing, wherein: pansion. Figure 1 is a plan view,partly in section, of a While honing tools of the service type havehoning tool embodying features of my invention, 5

been constructed and employed heretofore, the Fig. 2 is a sectional viewof the structure illustools have proven more or less unsatisfactory fortrated in Fig. 1, taken on the line 2-2 thereof, various reasons,primarily because of the chatter- Fig. 3 is a sectional view of thestructure illusing of the tool in the cylinders. Tools of this typetrated in Fig. 2, taken on the line 3-3 thereof,

'10 are usually of the off-center construction to have Fig. 4 is a viewin elevation of the spring em- V the pins of the abrading elementextending bep y in thehoning o illustrated in yond the tool centertoprovide the material ex- Fig. 5 is a top plan view of the structureilluspansion required in the tool. A service tool is trated in Fig. 4,and

one employed in garages for servicing all types g. 6 s a bottom P ViewOf the Structure of engine blocks and, therefore, requires a largeillustrated in Fig. 4.: 15 range of expansion to meet the various sizesof er in to the honing 11001 is built o a cylinders employed indifferent automobile enrigid Sp yv h ay b round, q gines. octagon orother shape. Preferably- I employ In the present invention, I haveprovided a Shapes other than round or cylindrical to preservice toolwhich is exceedingly rugged in convent the rotation of certain parts ofthe tool andI 20 struction and which provides the required exhave hereinillustrated a hexagon shaped spindle pansion necessary for such tools.The possito provide strength, clearance for the radial adbility ofchatter occurring between the tool and lusting elements and to providesurfaces on which the surface of the cylinder wall during thegrindcertain elements will not rotate.

ing operation has been entirely eliminated, pri- Upon the upper end ofthe spindle an adjust- 25 marily by having the elements foradjusting theing body H is provided while on the lower end abrading elements radiallyfloat freely independthereof an abrading head 12 is disposed. The ent ofthe means for supporting and driving the abrading head is constructed ofa plurality of abrading elements in rotation. By this construcabradingshoes [3 having a medial slot l4 therein tion, I am able to employ moreof the abrading which is engaged by a positioning element I5 30 elementsin the tool, in the small size four being which is fixed againstlongitudinal and rotationoperated, while in the larger size, asillustrated, al movement on the spindle ID by suitable means six of theabrading elements may be utilized herein illustrated as akey l6. therebyincreasing the abrading action and 2.0- A pair of oppositely disposedspiders I! are cele'rating the abrading operation, while distribmountedfor longitudinal movement on the 35 uting the wear on the stones moreevenly therespindle l0 but are retained thereon against rotationpreferably by having a hexagon aperture,

Accordingly, the main objects of my inventhe walls of which closely fitabout the spindle tion are; to provide a honing tool having abrad- In.The spiders H are provided with a plurality 40 ing elements which arefree to shift and tilt longiof slots 18 for receiving the shoes l3 andfor 40 tudinally; to provide an abrading tool wherein driving them inrotation. The bottom of the the abrading elements are driven by aportion of slot is sloped, as at I9 as illustrated in Fig. 1, the toolin rotation independent of the radial adfor providing clearance tosloping surfaces 2| on justing elements which are free floating; toproeach end of the shoes l3.

vide. a honing tool having an adjustable head Each of the spiders I! hasadj ustably retained 45 embodying a spring which applies apredeterthereon washers 22 the outer peripheral edges mined bias to theabrading elements to feed them 23 of which are sloped to mate with thesloping radially during the honing operation; to incorposurface 2iprovided on the ends of the shoes l3. rate stop means in the spring toretain the head The central portion of the washer 22 is proin adjustedposition; and, in general, to provide vided with an aperture 24 which islarger than 50 a honing tool which is rugged, positive in operathespindle II) to permit a lateral movement of tion and economical ofmanufacture. the washer relative to the spindle. The washers Otherobjects and features of novelty of my are employed to adjust the shoesl3 radially when invention will beeither specifically pointed out thespiders H are moved longitudinally of the or will become apparent whenreferring, for a tool. The shoes l3 tilt about the positioning elementl5 to provide free floating movement to the abrading head I2 independentof the driving means therefor. Spiders 25 are employed to cooperate withthe spiders I! for retaining the washers 22 related to the spiders H byhaving the two sets of spiders l1 and 25 riveted together in apredetermined manner. a

The spiders 25 are provided with a plurality of extending lugs 26 whichproject outwardly of the washers 22 and are extended to engage thespiders IT. The spiders I1 and 25 at the lower end of the tool areretained in fixed relation by pins 21 having a shoulder 28 near each endthereof. The shoulder 28 near the lower end of the pin abuts against thetop surface of the spider the pin extending through both of the spidersand being peened over at the end to secure the spiders in fixedrelation. I have illustrated in the figure three of the pins 21 employedon the tool. It is to be understood, however, that more or less of thepins may be utilized.

At the top of the abrading head l2, the spiders l1 and 25 are rivetedtogether by hollow rivets 29 through which the pins 21 are slidable. In

this manner the spiders H and 25 are retained in permanent fixedrelation as a unit having the central portion spaced apart to receivethe washers 22 which are slidable laterally therebetween.

The sides of the slots M in the shoes |3 may be sloped to provideclearance to permit the tools to tilt and at the same time preventlongitudinal movement of the shoes 3 relative to the positioning elementIS. The shoes are provided with a channel 32 in which abrading sticks 33are retained. The sticks comprise an abrading stone 34 mounted in ametal backing element 35 having projecting hook ends 36. The ends 36receive garter springs 31 for retaining the abrading sticks 33 in thechannel 32 of the shoes l3 and the shoes pressed against the surfaces 23of the washers 22.

The upper ends of the pins 2'! are provided with the shoulders 28 whichabut against the lower surface of. a nut 38 having a portion extendingtherethrough and riveted to the opposite side, at 39. In this manner,the nut 38 and the lower set of spiders l1 and 25 are held as a unit bythe pins 21 and co-operate with the adjusting body II to effect therelative opposite movement of the upper and lower set of spiders foradjusting the shoes |3 radially of the spindle Ill.

The adjusting body includes an adjusting sleeve 4| comprising a handholdportion 42 and a threaded portion 43, the latter of which engages thethreads of the nut 38, as illustrated in Fig. 1. The lower portion ofthe sleeve 4| is recessed to receive a spring 44 which engages thespider 25 at the top of the abrading head l2 for applying a downwardbias thereto. The sleeve 4| is retained on the spindle by the toolsupporting and driving connection 45 which is retained againstrotation'by a pin 46. A bayonet slot 41 is provided in the element 45.by which connection is made to a spindle which operates the tool.

A pin 48 is secured in the sleeve 4| for engaging one of a plurality ofapertures 49 provided in one end of the spring 44. 44 fixed to thesleeve to rotate therewith. A plurality of apertures 5| are provided onthe lower end of the spring which are successively engaged by a springpressed ball 52 mounted in the top spider 25, as the spring is turned.Any adjustment set oil by the turning of the sleeve 4| is ret ainedfixed through the engagement of the spring pressed ball with one of theapertures 5| of the spring.

This pin retains the spring As illustrated in Figs. 4, 5 and 6, thespring is of a peculiar type, being from a hollow cylinder having oiTsetslots 53 therein for the purpose of providing a predetermined tensionper unit deflection and to have the deflection and'tension follow astraight line curve or be in direct proportion at the initial loadingand at the final expansion of the spring. Such a spring may be employedto retain the adjusting body I in adjusted position. This is afiected bythe engagement of the pin 48 with an aperture in the end of thespring tocause the spring to rotate with the sleeve 4| and through the engagementof the spring pressed ball 52 and an aperture 5| provided in theopposite end of the spring.

A guiding plate 54 is retained on the end of the spindle In by a bolt 55and is provided with tapered sides 56. The plate is employed to guideand aid in inserting the tool into a cylinder and to protect theabrading head |2 against damage.

When a cylinder is to be honed, the tool may be inserted into thecylinder when the abrading head I2 is in retracted position. The turningof the adjustingsleeve 4| by grasping the handhold portions 42 draws thenut 38 upwardly while a bias is applied downwardly by the spring 44 tothe upper spiders l1 and 25 to cause the upward movement of the lowerspiders l1 and 25 and the downward movement of the upper spiders l1 and25. This movement projects the shoes l3 outwardly to cause the abradingstones 34 to contact with the cylinder wall.

Further adjustment applies a bias between the upper and lower sets ofspiders through the compression of the spring 44 to urge them towardeach other and in this manner the tool is retained fixed in the cylinderand is expanded during the machining operation. A suitable drivingdevice is secured to the bayonet connection 45 by which the tool isoperated in rotation and is so disposed as to be reciprocated at thesame time. During the grinding operation the shoes l3 are permitted totilt about the positioning element l5 in view of the lateral shiftpermitted to the washer 22 which engages the sloping surfaces 2| of theshoes. Through the adjustment of the shoes in this manner more pressureand abrading-is eifected on the cylinder walls at points out of round,or tapered, and in this manner the out of round portions are machinedaway more rapidly so that at the end of the operation a true cylindricalwall is produced.

While I have described and illustrated but a single embodiment of myinvention, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that variouschanges, omissions, additions and substitutions may be made thereinwithout departing from the spirit and scope of my invention as set forthin the accompanying claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. A honing tool including, in combination, a spindle, spiders mountedon said spindle for movement to and away from each other, abradingelements carried, by said spiders for rotating said elements therewith,and means movable laterally of said spiders for efiecting the radialmovement of the abrading elements when the spiders are relatively movedtoward and away from each other, and means for relatively moving saidspiders.

2. A honing tool including, in combination, a spindle, longitudinallymovable spiders on said spindle, washers carried by said spiders andmovable laterally of the spindle, abrading elements 3 carried by saidspiders and engaging said washers, whereby the spiders eii'ect therotation of the abrading elements and the washers eflect their radialmovement independent of spiders.

3. A honing tool including, in combination, an abrading head, anadjusting body therefor for effecting the radial expansion of said head,a spring interposed between said adjusting body and said abrading head,and securing means engaging said spring for retaining the head inadjusted position.

4. A honing tool including, in combination, a spindle, an abrading headthereon comprising a plurality of abrading elements, means for eflectingthe rotation of said elements, means laterally movable independent ofthe rotating portion of said head, for effecting the expansion of saidelements, adjusting means for positioning said expansion means, a springrotatable with said adjusting means, and means carried by said head inengagement with said spring for securing it in adjusted position.

5. A honing tool including, in combination, an abrading head, .anadjusting body for expanding the abrading head, a spring interposedbetween said head and body and dated to said body, and means engagingsaid spring to retain the head and body against relative movement.

6. A honing tool including, in combination, anabrading end, an adjustingend for expanding the abrading end, a spring interposed between saidends and rotatable with one of said ends, and means engaging said springto retain said ends against relative movement.

7. A honing tool including, in combination, a spindle, a pair ofrelatively movable spaced spiders carried by said spindle, a laterallymovable washer carried by each spider, abrading elements engageable bysaid washers and spiders to be rotated through the engagement withsaidspiders and to be adjusted radially through the engagement with saidwashers when said spiders are relatively moved toward and away from eachother, and means for relatively mov- 20 ing the spiders.

KIRKE W. CONNOR.

